12/3/2023 0 Comments Fe echoes act 2![]() : 273įrancis married Hannah Moniac (Muscogee), half-sister of William Weatherford and aunt of David Moniac, the first Native American to graduate from the U. Little is known about his mother or his childhood. He "lived among the Alabama and Coushatta people near the point where the Cousa and Tallapoosa Rivers joined to form the Alabama", : 5 near modern Montgomery, Alabama. : 283 He was a trader and metal artisan, the latter skill learned from his father, David Francis, a South Carolina frontier blacksmith and silversmith. Francis refused to wear white man's clothing during his visit to New Orleans. : 253–254 Francis and others like him became military leaders, passionate defenders of the Creek cause, apparently to demonstrate their legitimacy to the full-blooded Creek. Since Muscogee Creeks were matrilineal and matrilocal, Francise inherited his clan from his mother and was a citizen of the Muscogee Confederacy. Parents and early life įrancis was the son of a Muscogee Creek mother and a father of European descent. In traditional Creek orthography, his name would be Heles-haco /hilis-hatʃo/ “Crazy Medicine” composed of the medicinal prefix heles- and the war title haco “crazy”. "The English always referred to him as Hidlis Hadjo." : 289 In a letter, Andrew Jackson called him "Hillishageer". : 399 There are also combined forms found, such as Hillishago : 399 and Hillishager. : 285 His last name is found as Hadgo, Hadsho, and Haya. His native name has been written with a variety of spellings in English: Hilis, Hildis, : 273 and Hidlis. : 273 He traveled to London as a representative of several related tribal groups, unsuccessfully seeking British support against the expansionism of the United States, then was captured and hanged by General Andrew Jackson shortly after his return to Spanish Florida. According to the historian Frank Owsley, he became "the most ardent advocate of war against the white man, as he believed in the supremacy of the Creek culture over that of the whites". 1770–1818), was "a charismatic religious leader" : 5 of the Red Stick Creek Indians.
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